{"id":23407,"date":"2021-10-14T12:01:51","date_gmt":"2021-10-14T12:01:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/irancld.com\/advanced-linux-scripting-for-webmasters-5\/"},"modified":"2025-10-13T09:31:01","modified_gmt":"2025-10-13T06:01:01","slug":"advanced-linux-scripting-for-webmasters-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.novinhost.org\/wiki\/advanced-linux-scripting-for-webmasters-5\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 – \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u06f5 \u2013 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627 : <\/strong>\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633, \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u06cc \u067e\u0646\u0644, \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u0646, \u0627\u0641 \u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06cc \u0648\u00a0 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647.\u00a0 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \/etc\/passwd \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n

\"\u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a<\/h2>\n

\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/h2>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644, \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u00a0 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n

\"\u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Username:<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc, \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f, \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u06f1 \u062a\u0627 \u06f3\u06f2 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n
  2. Password:<\/strong> \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \/etc\/shadow \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u00a0\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 x \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u062f, \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 shadow \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 * \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u062f, \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 login \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 *NP* \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631, \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 NIS \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n
  3. USER ID:<\/strong> \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f, \u0639\u062f\u062f \u06f0 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root \u0648 \u06f1 \u062a\u0627 \u06f9\u06f9 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647, \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u062a\u0627 \u06f9\u06f9\u06f9 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647. (\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 LPIC \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 UID \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f)<\/li>\n
  4. GROUP ID:<\/strong> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n
  5. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/strong> \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f, \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u062f, \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f, \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 Finger \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n
  6. Home directory:<\/strong> \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u06cc ftp \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647 ftp \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n
  7. Command\/shell:<\/strong> \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0634\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a, \u0686\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f. (\/bin\/bash) \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 grep \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u062a<\/a>\u0633\u0626\u0648<\/a><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 tom:<\/p>\n

    grep tom \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n

    \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 IFS \u0648 While \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n

    #!\/bin\/bash<\/em><\/p>\n

    # seven fields from \/etc\/passwd stored in $f1,f2…,$f7<\/em><\/p>\n

    #<\/em><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. while<\/strong>\u00a0IFS=:\u00a0read<\/strong>\u00a0-r f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      do<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0echo<\/strong>\u00a0“User $f1 use $f7 shell and stores files in $f6 directory.”<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. done<\/strong>\u00a0<<\/strong>\u00a0\/<\/strong>etc\/<\/strong>passwd<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \/etc\/shadow<\/h3>\n

        \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f, \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

        \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 (\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u062f\u0631 centos) \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\"shadow<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc<\/li>\n
        2. \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/li>\n
        3. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f (\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0698\u0648\u0626\u0646 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f7\u06f0 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647)<\/li>\n
        4. \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f (\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u06f3 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06f3 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f)<\/li>\n
        5. \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a (\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0622\u0646, \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/li>\n
        6. \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0647\u0634\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/li>\n
        7. \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0647\u062a \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/li>\n
        8. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0636\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 (\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u06f3 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/p>\n

          \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 passwd \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/h3>\n

          Passwd username<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc username \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f, \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n

          \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n

          chage username<\/pre>\n
          \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 username \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n
          \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 chage \u06a9\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n
          \n\n\n\n
          \n
          -d, --lastday LAST_DAY\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 set date of last password change to LAST_DAY<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0 -E, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE\u00a0 set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0 -h, --help\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 display this help message and exit<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0 -I, --inactive INACTIVE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 set password inactive after expiration<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 to INACTIVE<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0 -l, --list\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 show account aging information<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0 -m, --mindays MIN_DAYS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 set minimum number of days before password<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 change to MIN_DAYS<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0 -M, --maxdays MAX_DAYS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 set maximim number of days before password<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 change to MAX_DAYS<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0 -R, --root CHROOT_DIR\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 directory to chroot into<\/pre>\n
          \u00a0 -W, --warndays WARN_DAYS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 set expiration warning days to WARN_DAYS<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
          \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n
          pwck -r \/<\/strong>etc\/<\/strong>passwd<\/strong><\/pre>\n
          pwck -r \/<\/strong>etc\/<\/strong>shadow<\/pre>\n
          \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc passwd \u0648 shadow \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/p>\n
          \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u2013s \u00a0\u00a0\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n
          \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631<\/p>\n
          Passwd \u2013l username \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f, \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 passwd -u {username} \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n
          \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u00a0 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/p>\n
          \n\n\n\n
          \n
          #!\/bin\/sh<\/em><\/tt><\/pre>\n
          USERS=\"$(cut -d: -f 1 \/etc\/passwd)\"<\/tt><\/pre>\n
          for<\/strong> u in $USERS<\/tt><\/pre>\n
          do<\/strong><\/tt><\/pre>\n
          passwd -S $u | grep<\/strong> -Ew \"NP\" >\/dev\/null<\/strong><\/tt><\/pre>\n
          if<\/strong> [ $? -eq<\/strong> 0 ]; then<\/tt><\/pre>\n
          passwd -l $u<\/tt><\/pre>\n
          fi<\/tt><\/pre>\n
          done<\/tt><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
          \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/p>\n
          \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631<\/p>\n
          su<\/strong> - {<\/strong>username}<\/strong><\/pre>\n
          \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n
          \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/a> \u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u06f5 \u2013 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627 : \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633, \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u06cc \u067e\u0646\u0644, \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u0646, \u0627\u0641 \u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06cc \u0648\u00a0 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647.\u00a0 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \/etc\/passwd \u0631\u0627 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 - \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627 - \u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.novinhost.org\/wiki\/advanced-linux-scripting-for-webmasters-5\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 - \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc 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